Luxor Governorate is an Egyptian governorate located in the southern region of Upper Egypt. Its centers and cities are distributed along the banks of the Nile River, with Luxor city as its capital. Historically, Luxor was known as Thebes, which served as the capital of Egypt during several Pharaonic periods. The governorate was established according to Republican Decree No. 378 in 2009, issued on December 9, 2009. Luxor Governorate boasts a rare collection of archaeological sites, many of which remain well-preserved. Among the most famous are the Luxor Temple, Karnak Temples, the tombs of the Valley of the Kings and the Valley of the Queens, funerary temples, and the Temple of Esna. Additionally, the Luxor Museum exhibits unique artifacts.